1. Habitual Actions (നിത്യപ്രവൃത്തികൾ):
- English: He goes to school every day.
- Malayalam: അവൻ ഓരോ ദിവസവും സ്കൂളിൽ പോകുന്നു.
2. General Truths (സാധാരണ സത്യങ്ങൾ):
- English: The sun rises in the east.
- Malayalam: സൂര്യൻ കിഴക്ക് ഉദിക്കുന്നു.
3. States of Being (സ്ഥിതിവിവരണം):
- English: She lives in Kottayam
- Malayalam: അവൾ കോട്ടയത്ത് താമസിക്കുന്നു.
For example:
- I eat → ഞാൻ കഴിക്കുന്നു
- He eats → അവൻ കഴിക്കുന്നു
- They eat → അവർ കഴിക്കുന്നു
The simple present tense is used to describe habits, general truths, repeated actions, and fixed arrangements. Here are some key points:
- Structure:
- Affirmative: Subject + base form of the verb (with -s or -es for the third person singular)
- I play soccer.
- She plays soccer.
- Negative: Subject + do/does + not + base form of the verb
- I do not (don't) play soccer.
- She does not (doesn't) play soccer.
- Interrogative: Do/does + subject + base form of the verb?
- Do you play soccer?
- Does she play soccer?
- Usage:
- Habits/Routines: Actions that happen regularly.
- I drink coffee every morning.
- General Truths: Facts or universal truths.
- The Earth orbits the Sun.
- Scheduled Events: Timetabled events, often in the near future.
- The train leaves at 6 PM.
- Permanent Situations: Things that are always true.
- Examples:
- Affirmative: She reads a book every night.
- Negative: They do not (don't) like spicy food.
- Interrogative: Does he work here?